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Small Claims Plaintiff's Claim — Reasons & Particulars (Canada)
Every Canadian small-claims form has the same trap: a few blank lines labelled "reasons for claim and details", with no hint that those lines decide the case. Ontario's Plaintiff's Claim (Form 7A) — in a court that since 1 October 2025 hears claims up to $50,000 — Alberta's Civil Claim at the country's highest ceiling of $100,000, and British Columbia's CRT application and Notice of Claim all ask for a narrative the official guides never teach. Our Canadian template builds it the way judges read it: a dated chronology as the spine, the cause of action mapped element by element onto your facts, the quantum itemized with a document behind every dollar, and the interest and fee claims most self-represented plaintiffs forget — attached to the form, not instead of it.
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Plaintiff's Claim — Reasons and Particulars
Supporting Narrative For The Plaintiff's Claim (Form 7A) · June 11, 2026
Marcus T. Adeyemi
2210 - 25 Telegram Mews, Toronto ON M5V 3Z1
+1 (647) 555-0173
marcus.adeyemi@email.ca
June 11, 2026
Small Claims Court (Ontario)
Small Claims Court, 47 Sheppard Avenue East, Toronto
RE: REASONS FOR CLAIM — PARTICULARS OF THE PLAINTIFF
Ontario · $9,460.00
These are the reasons and particulars of the claim of Marcus T. Adeyemi (the "Plaintiff") — catering services invoiced and never paid after a corporate event on March 7, 2026. This document is prepared to be attached to, or copied into, the court form that starts the claim. It does not replace the court form: the form must still be completed, issued and served as the rules require.
1.
THE PARTIES
Plaintiff: Marcus T. Adeyemi, of 2210 - 25 Telegram Mews, Toronto ON M5V 3Z1
Defendant 1: Lakeshore Event Group Ltd. carrying on business as Harbourfront Catering Co. — 215 Queens Quay West, Toronto ON M5J 2L5
Each defendant is named by its exact legal name — an individual by full name, a corporation by its registered name with any trade name added as "carrying on business as" — because a judgment against the wrong name is a judgment that cannot be enforced.
Defendant 1: Lakeshore Event Group Ltd. carrying on business as Harbourfront Catering Co. — 215 Queens Quay West, Toronto ON M5J 2L5
Each defendant is named by its exact legal name — an individual by full name, a corporation by its registered name with any trade name added as "carrying on business as" — because a judgment against the wrong name is a judgment that cannot be enforced.
2.
THE FORUM AND THE AMOUNT CLAIMED
The Plaintiff claims $9,460.00, plus interest and recoverable fees as set out below. In Ontario, the Small Claims Court hears claims up to $50,000 — the ceiling rose to this figure on 1 October 2025 (O Reg 42/25), so guidance still quoting the previous, lower limit is out of date. The claim is started by a Plaintiff's Claim (Form 7A), filed online or at the court — the filing fee is $108 ($228 for a frequent claimant), and a fee waiver can be requested, and this document supplies the reasons-and-particulars narrative the form asks for.
3.
WHAT HAPPENED — IN ORDER
The facts, dated and in order — the spine every judge reads first:
February 2, 2026 — The defendant booked catering for its client-appreciation event by signed quote No. Q-2026-031 — 140 guests at $62.50 per guest plus staffing, total $9,460.00, payment due 15 days after the event.
March 7, 2026 — The event was catered in full: food delivered and served for 140 guests, four staff on site from 4:00 p.m. to 11:30 p.m. The defendant's event manager signed the completion sheet on site.
March 9, 2026 — Invoice No. INV-2026-118 for $9,460.00 was emailed to the defendant, due March 22, 2026.
April 3, 2026 — The defendant's accounts email replied that payment "is in the next run". No payment followed.
May 12, 2026 — A final demand letter was delivered by email and registered mail. No payment or proposal followed.
February 2, 2026 — The defendant booked catering for its client-appreciation event by signed quote No. Q-2026-031 — 140 guests at $62.50 per guest plus staffing, total $9,460.00, payment due 15 days after the event.
March 7, 2026 — The event was catered in full: food delivered and served for 140 guests, four staff on site from 4:00 p.m. to 11:30 p.m. The defendant's event manager signed the completion sheet on site.
March 9, 2026 — Invoice No. INV-2026-118 for $9,460.00 was emailed to the defendant, due March 22, 2026.
April 3, 2026 — The defendant's accounts email replied that payment "is in the next run". No payment followed.
May 12, 2026 — A final demand letter was delivered by email and registered mail. No payment or proposal followed.
4.
WHAT THE PLAINTIFF CLAIMS
The Plaintiff claims: (a) $9,460.00; (b) interest as the law allows; (c) the recoverable fees and costs of the proceeding; and (d) such further relief as the court considers just.
5.
CAUSE OF ACTION — ELEMENT BY ELEMENT
This is a claim in a debt claim. What the court will look for, element by element:
Element 1: goods, services or money were provided at the defendant's request
Element 2: the price or repayment terms were agreed or are objectively ascertainable
Element 3: the amount fell due
Element 4: it remains unpaid despite demand
How the chronology meets each element: Element 1 is met by the signed quote of February 2 and the completion sheet of March 7 (services provided at the defendant's request). Element 2 by the quote price of $9,460.00. Element 3 by the invoice due date of March 22, 2026. Element 4 by the April 3 "next run" email and the unanswered May 12 demand.
The point addressed head-on: The quote was signed by the event manager rather than a director — but the company booked, received and never disputed the services, and its own accounts team confirmed payment was coming, so authority is not seriously in issue.
Element 1: goods, services or money were provided at the defendant's request
Element 2: the price or repayment terms were agreed or are objectively ascertainable
Element 3: the amount fell due
Element 4: it remains unpaid despite demand
How the chronology meets each element: Element 1 is met by the signed quote of February 2 and the completion sheet of March 7 (services provided at the defendant's request). Element 2 by the quote price of $9,460.00. Element 3 by the invoice due date of March 22, 2026. Element 4 by the April 3 "next run" email and the unanswered May 12 demand.
The point addressed head-on: The quote was signed by the event manager rather than a director — but the company booked, received and never disputed the services, and its own accounts team confirmed payment was coming, so authority is not seriously in issue.
6.
QUANTUM — THE AMOUNT, ITEM BY ITEM
The amount claimed is not a round number — it is a sum of items, each with a date and a document behind it:
1. Catering per signed quote — 140 guests at $62.50 (March 7, 2026) — $8,750.00 — proved by Quote Q-2026-031 and completion sheet
2. Event staffing — four staff, 7.5 hours (March 7, 2026) — $710.00 — proved by Quote Q-2026-031, staffing schedule
Mitigation: the Plaintiff acted reasonably to keep the loss from growing, and claims only what that reasonable course left unpaid.
1. Catering per signed quote — 140 guests at $62.50 (March 7, 2026) — $8,750.00 — proved by Quote Q-2026-031 and completion sheet
2. Event staffing — four staff, 7.5 hours (March 7, 2026) — $710.00 — proved by Quote Q-2026-031, staffing schedule
Mitigation: the Plaintiff acted reasonably to keep the loss from growing, and claims only what that reasonable course left unpaid.
7.
INTEREST AND FEES CLAIMED
Interest is claimed under the statutory regime: in Ontario, prejudgment interest runs under s.128 of the Courts of Justice Act from the day the cause of action arose — 2.5% for Q2 2026 (the rate is set quarterly) — and postjudgment interest under s.129 at 4.0%; a rate the parties agreed in their contract displaces the statutory rate — here running from March 22, 2026. The Plaintiff also claims the filing fee and the other recoverable fees and disbursements of the proceeding.
8.
SERVICE, LIMITATION AND NEXT STEPS
Service: each defendant will be served by a process server, with the affidavit of service prepared by the server, and proof of service will be filed — the claim must be served on each defendant as the Rules require, with an affidavit of service filed to prove it — and a defendant who files nothing in time can be noted in default, after which a default judgment can follow without a trial.
The defendant's clock: once served, the defendant answers by a Defence (Form 9A), filed within 20 days of being served — the filing fee is $77, and the form carries its own section for admitting all or part of the claim and proposing payment terms; a defendant who files nothing in time faces default.
Limitation check: in Ontario, the basic limitation period is two years from discovery (Limitations Act, 2002, s.4) — discovery meaning the day the material facts first supported a plausible inference of liability (Grant Thornton LLP v New Brunswick, 2021 SCC 31) — and a written, signed acknowledgment of the debt resets the clock (s.13). The Plaintiff first knew the material facts on March 22, 2026, and this claim is brought within the period.
What follows filing: a defended claim moves to a settlement conference or the tribunal's facilitation stage before any trial — most claims resolve there, and this document is written to be read at that table.
Readiness: The exhibit set (quote, completion sheet, invoice, the April 3 email and the May 12 demand) is assembled and paginated.
The defendant's clock: once served, the defendant answers by a Defence (Form 9A), filed within 20 days of being served — the filing fee is $77, and the form carries its own section for admitting all or part of the claim and proposing payment terms; a defendant who files nothing in time faces default.
Limitation check: in Ontario, the basic limitation period is two years from discovery (Limitations Act, 2002, s.4) — discovery meaning the day the material facts first supported a plausible inference of liability (Grant Thornton LLP v New Brunswick, 2021 SCC 31) — and a written, signed acknowledgment of the debt resets the clock (s.13). The Plaintiff first knew the material facts on March 22, 2026, and this claim is brought within the period.
What follows filing: a defended claim moves to a settlement conference or the tribunal's facilitation stage before any trial — most claims resolve there, and this document is written to be read at that table.
Readiness: The exhibit set (quote, completion sheet, invoice, the April 3 email and the May 12 demand) is assembled and paginated.
9.
USE OF THIS DOCUMENT
This narrative supports the Plaintiff's Claim (Form 7A) and the proceeding it starts. It is the Plaintiff's single, complete statement of the claim — the same facts, in the same order, that the court, the other side and any settlement discussion will work from. It does not replace the court form.
RESPECTFULLY,
Marcus T. Adeyemi
Plaintiff
Date: ____________________
PLAINTIFF
Marcus T. Adeyemi
Date: ____________________
Available as a print-ready PDF or an editable Microsoft Word (.docx) file.
What Is a Plaintiff's Claim Support Document?
It is the structured narrative behind the claim form — the "what happened, why it is owed, and how the figure is built" that Canadian small-claims forms request in a box the size of a postage stamp. The form itself stays mandatory: in Ontario the Plaintiff's Claim (Form 7A, $108 filing fee) starts the case in the Small Claims Court; in Alberta the Civil Claim ($100–$200) starts it in the Court of Justice; in British Columbia an online application starts it at the Civil Resolution Tribunal for claims up to $5,000, and a Notice of Claim ($156) in the Provincial Court for $5,001–$35,000. This document supplies what those forms ask for and cannot hold: the full reasons, drafted to be attached or copied in.
The architecture follows how Canadian judges and tribunal members actually read. First the parties, named exactly — corporations by registered name with "carrying on business as" where a trade name is used, because enforcement follows the name. Then the chronology: each fact dated, one row per event, no adjectives — the spine every exhibit and every settlement-conference argument hangs from. Then, in the Expert tier, the legal structure: the cause of action (breach of contract, debt, negligence, unjust enrichment) broken into its elements, each element tied to the dated events that prove it, and the weakest point named and answered before the defendant gets to raise it.
The money is built the same way. The quantum section prices the claim item by item — date, amount, and the document that proves each line — deducts credits on the face of the claim, and states mitigation before the defendant weaponizes it. Interest is claimed under the correct Canadian regime (Ontario's Courts of Justice Act s.128 at 2.5% for Q2 2026; BC's Court Order Interest Act at 2.45% for early 2026; Alberta's Judgment Interest Act), or at the contract rate where one was agreed; and the limitation check dates your discovery against the two-year clock the Supreme Court of Canada calibrated in Grant Thornton LLP v New Brunswick, 2021 SCC 31.
What's Covered in This Template
The claim narrative, engineered — from dated spine to element map to priced quantum.
Province Switch (ON / BC / AB)
Form 7A in Ontario, the Civil Claim in Alberta, the CRT application or Notice of Claim in BC — the correct form, fee and forum written in from one selection.
BC Forum Auto-Routing
The amount you enter routes the BC branch: Civil Resolution Tribunal at $5,000 or below, Provincial Court above — with the over-ceiling warning past $35,000.
Defendants Named Exactly
One row per defendant, registered names plus "carrying on business as" — the enforcement-proof naming Canadian registries exist for.
Dated Chronology Spine
One row per event, one date per row — the structure judges read first and remember longest.
Cause-of-Action Element Map
Breach of contract, debt, negligence or unjust enrichment — the elements listed, and each one tied to the dated event that proves it.
Weakest Point, Answered
The unsigned quote, the verbal change — named by you and answered head-on, before the defence builds a case on it.
Itemized Quantum
Every dollar with its date and document, credits deducted on the face of the claim, mitigation stated.
Interest and Fees Claimed
The provincial statutory regime or your contract rate, dated from the right day — plus the filing-fee recovery line.
Service and Default Map
How each defendant is served, the proof that gets filed, and the defence window that starts the default clock.
Limitation Check
Your discovery date against the two-year clock — run before filing, not raised by the defence after.
How to Create Your Claim Narrative
Five steps from grievance to a court-ready reasons document.
- 1
Name Every Defendant Exactly
A registry search per defendant — corporate names, trade names, "carrying on business as" — before anything else is written.
- 2
Pick Your Province and Amount
Ontario, BC or Alberta; the amount routes BC between tribunal and court and checks every ceiling.
- 3
Build the Chronology
One dated row per event: agreement, performance, invoice, broken promise, demand — facts only.
- 4
Map the Law (Expert)
Choose the cause of action; tie each element to its proving event; answer your weakest point in your own words.
- 5
Price It and Attach It
Quantum item by item, interest from the right date, fees claimed — then attach the narrative to the court form and file.
Why Doxuno documents are different
Four things that make our templates more thorough than AI-generated drafts and more current than static template libraries.
Always current
Always current with the law
Templates carrying statute references are continuously updated as the law changes. Your document always reflects the current legal framework.
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Legal Considerations
The form starts the case — the narrative wins or loses it.
This template provides general information for self-represented plaintiffs in Ontario, British Columbia and Alberta and is not legal advice. It supports — and does not replace — the official court or tribunal form, which must be completed, issued and served as the rules require. Quebec's regime is separate.
Reviewed for Canadian small-claims practice (ON Form 7A · AB Civil Claim · BC CRT/Notice of Claim)
Ontario: Form 7A and the Post-2025 Court
The Plaintiff's Claim (Form 7A) starts an Ontario small claim — and since 1 October 2025 the Small Claims Court hears claims up to $50,000 (O Reg 42/25), which pulled a wide band of Canadian contract, renovation and unpaid-invoice disputes into the simplified forum. The filing fee is $108 for an infrequent claimant (fee waiver available), the defendant's Defence (Form 9A) is due in 20 days, and every defended claim passes through a settlement conference — where a clean reasons narrative is the single most persuasive document in the room.
BC and Alberta: Same Job, Different Machinery
In British Columbia the Civil Resolution Tribunal takes most claims up to $5,000 through a mandatory online process ($75–$125 application fees), while the Provincial Court takes $5,001–$35,000 by Notice of Claim ($156) — and the respondent answers within 14 days of service in BC. Alberta's Court of Justice runs the country's highest small-claims ceiling at $100,000, with the Civil Claim filed for $100–$200 and the Dispute Note due in 20 days (30 outside Alberta). The narrative this template builds reads the same in all three — facts dated, elements mapped, quantum priced.
Discovery, the Two-Year Clock and Interest
Every Canadian claim in this template's scope lives inside a two-year limitation period — Ontario's Limitations Act, 2002 (s.4), BC's Limitation Act (s.6), Alberta's Limitations Act (s.3) — running from discovery, which the Supreme Court of Canada fixed at the first plausible inference of liability in Grant Thornton LLP v New Brunswick, 2021 SCC 31. The template dates your discovery and runs the check before filing. Interest is claimed under the provincial regime — CJA s.128 in Ontario (2.5% for Q2 2026), the Court Order Interest Act in BC (2.45% for January–June 2026), the Judgment Interest Act in Alberta — or at the agreed contract rate, from the day the amount fell due.
Where This Document Fits in the Doxuno Canada Set
This is the plaintiff's narrative engine. Before filing, the final demand before small claims gives the debtor one priced chance to pay; on the other side of the file, the small claims defence support builds the responding narrative; and when the numbers start moving, the settlement offer letter carries the without-prejudice route with the Ontario costs lever. For the underlying paper that prevents these disputes, see the Canadian loan agreement, promissory note and demand letter.
Frequently Asked Questions
Give the Form a Case Worth Granting
Create your Canadian plaintiff's claim narrative now: defendants named registry-style, the chronology dated, the forum and fee written in for Ontario, BC or Alberta. Download the PDF free, or unlock Expert for the cause-of-action element map, the itemized quantum, the interest and fee claims, and the service, limitation and next-steps plan.
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